What is the working principle of a mobile phone charger?

The working principle of a mobile phone charger is to convert alternating current into direct current, and then transmit the power to the internal battery of the phone for charging. Firstly, a circuit will be established between the plug and socket to transmit power. Secondly, a transformer is usually used to convert the input AC power into the required voltage. Next, electricity enters the phone's charging port through a wire, is adjusted by the circuit board, and is sent into the phone's battery for storage. Specifically, the internal components of a mobile phone charger include transformers, circuit boards, capacitors, resistors, and other electronic components. The transformer reduces the input high-voltage AC power to a suitable DC voltage to charge the batteries of mobile devices. The function of the circuit board is to control the flow of current and the stability of voltage, and ensure that there are no dangers such as overheating and overcharging during the charging process. At the same time, capacitors and resistors also play a role in regulating current and voltage to ensure smooth and safe power transmission. In summary, mobile phone chargers use scientific power conversion and transmission methods to convert external power into internal power storage, achieving efficient charging of mobile devices.