A charger is a device used to charge a battery or battery pack. The charging principle is mainly based on two methods: constant voltage charging and constant current charging.
Constant voltage charging method, also known as voltage controlled charging, refers to the charger providing a constant voltage, forming a potential difference in the battery, causing the chemical reactions inside the battery to reverse, thereby transferring charge to the battery. As the battery's ability to store charge increases, its internal resistance decreases, and the voltage in the battery gradually increases. At this time, the charger will automatically reduce the current output, keeping the battery voltage unchanged, thereby avoiding overcharging of the battery.
Constant current charging method, also known as current controlled charging, refers to the charger providing a constant current and forming a voltage in the battery, causing chemical reactions inside the battery to occur, thereby transferring charge to the battery. Until the battery is fully charged, the charger will automatically reduce the current output to avoid overcharging the battery. The constant current charging method is usually suitable for charging large capacity battery packs.
Overall, the charging principle of the charger is based on the conductivity method, which adjusts the voltage and current to charge the battery, providing long-term power supply guarantee for the use of electrical equipment.
